Table 2. Basic properties of Tulip tree
| Anatomical properties |
| Length of fiber (n = 30) | Width of fiber (n = 30) | Thickness of cell wall for fiber (n = 30) |
| Earlywood | Latewood | Earlywood | Latewood | Earlywood | Latewood |
| R section | T section | R section | T section |
| 1.33 mm (0.11) | 1.74 mm (0.08) | 21.19 μm (3.95) | 22.67 μm (2.93) | 12.82 μm (3.35) | 11.14 μm (2.13) | 3.24 μm (0.65) | 5.40 μm (1.14) |
| Length of vessel element (n = 30) | Width of vessel element (n = 30) | Thickness of cell wall for vessel element (n = 30) |
| Earlywood | Latewood | Earlywood | Latewood | Earlywood | Latewood |
| R section | T section | R section | T section |
| 0.75 mm (0.10) | 0.71 mm (0.08) | 83.44 μm (6.11) | 60.32 μm (7.64) | 59.73 μm (8.54) | 47.29 μm (6.84) | 1.48 μm (0.29) | 2.01 μm (0.27) |
| Physical properties |
| Specific gravity (n = 100) | Total shrinkage (n = 100) |
| Green | Air-dry | Oven-dry | Linear | Volumetric |
| L direction | R direction | T direction |
| 0.406 (0.041) | 0.437 (0.048) | 0.461 (0.054) | 0.39% (0.25) | 4.39% (1.32) | 7.30% (2.03) | 11.70% (3.02) |
| Mechanical properties |
| Bending strength | Compression strength parallel to the grain | Tensile strength parallel to the grain |
| Air-dry (12% MC*) (n = 18) | Green (n = 18) | Air-dry (12% MC) (n = 18) | Green (n = 22) | Air-dry (11.3% MC) (n = 18) | Green (n = 15) |
| 93.0 MPa (11.5) | 52.6 MPa (7.9) | 39.0 MPa (3.0) | 18.5 MPa (2.4) | 133.1 MPa (34.0) | 83.3 MPa (11.5) |
| Shear strength | Hardness |
| R section | T section | C section | R section | T section |
| Air-dry (12% MC) (n = 17) | Green (n = 15) | Air-dry (12% MC) (n = 18) | Green (n = 15) | Air-dry (12% MC) (n = 10) | Air-dry (12% MC) (n = 10) | Air-dry (12% MC) (n = 10) |
| 7.4 MPa (0.9) | 4.8 MPa (0.7) | 7.7 MPa (1.1) | 5.6 MPa (0.7) | 4.6 kN (0.6) | 2.8 kN (0.4) | 3.4 kN (0.2) |
| Chemical compositions |
| Ash (n = 3) | Extractives (n = 3) | Lignin (n = 3) |
| Acid-insoluble | Acid-soluble | Total |
| 0.27% (0.02) | 2.49% (0.24) | 22.04% (0.21) | 2.40% (0.45) | 24.44% (0.26) |
| Sugars (n = 3) |
| Glucan | XMG** | Arabinan | Total |
| 44.94% (1.59) | 16.69% (0.71) | 0.64% (0.11) | 62.27% (1.69) |
SD in parentheses.
n: number of specimens used in the evaluation or number of repetitions of evaluation.
R section: radial section, T section: tangential section, L direction: longitudinal direction, R direction: radial direction, T direction: tangential direction, C section: cross section;
MC: moisture content,
XMG: xylan + mannan + galactan.