Table 1. Characteristics of phenol-formaldehyde resin for the test

Resin types items	Powder resin (Novolak type)	Liquid resin (Resol type)
Solid content (%)	99	51–53
Melting point (°C)	80–95	-
Specific gravity	-	1.06
Celation time (sec.)	80–120	80–95
Plate flow (mm)	30–35	-
Viscosity (cps)	-	45–65

Adapted from Hwang and Oh (2022) with CC-BY-NC.