Table 6.
Withdrawal resistance of lag screws depending on the grain direction

Specimen symbol σw(N/mm) 5 percentile(N/mm) W*(N/mm)
7.79LL-T7.79LL-R7.79LL-C 177.6196.9126.1 156.0161.083.5 78.080.541.7
7.79LS-T7.79LS-R7.79LS-C 119.4124.7  86.6 83.687.255.0 41.843.627.5
W: allowable withdrawal load (N/mm) obtained by dividing the 5 percentile by the safety factor of 2.0